Research map · 1470–1600

Campaign Atlas

Follow documented events, qualified campaign movements, people, and Sourcebook evidence without hiding uncertainty behind the map.

Master timeline

1525

Filters and layers

Historical filtersCampaignEvent typeCommanderEmployer / power

Evidence Primary Sources OnlyRequire at least one Tier A source. Include Scholarly ReconstructionShow qualified regional or spatial interpretations.

Map layers Event markers Campaign routes Source-density mode

No historical border layer is shown in this release. The base is a physical reference map; modern political borders are not being presented as Renaissance boundaries.

Geographic view

Europe, filtered by evidence

B BattleS SiegeM MusterP Political

Markers use modern locality centroids unless noted. They are not exact battlefield positions. Route lines connect documented localities and state their confidence.

Record details

Battle · 24 February 1525

Battle of Pavia

Supported

Imperial Landsknechte fought Swiss infantry and then German Landsknechte in French service; the checked study describes the latter clash as no-quarter fighting.

Date precision: exact
Location: Pavia / Ticinum
Campaign: Italian War of 1521–1526
Conflict: Italian Wars
Commanders: Georg von Frundsberg, Charles V, Francis I
Employers / powers: Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of France
Outcome: Imperial victory and capture of Francis I.

Landsknecht role

Landsknechte served on both Imperial and French sides. The Atlas preserves that contractual division instead of presenting a simple national opposition.

Claim-level evidence

participants and landsknecht rolereview required

At Pavia, Imperial Landsknechte fought Swiss infantry and then German Landsknechte in French service, with the latter Black Band destroyed as an effective formation in a no-quarter clash.

Qualification: The no-quarter characterization applies to the described Black Band clash, not automatically to every Swiss–Landsknecht encounter.

Sources

Tier BPavia 1525: The Climax of the Italian WarsAngus Konstam · 1996
Sourcebook record Original record

Permanent event link Location view Georg von Frundsberg Charles V

Accessible map alternative

Events in this view

This chronological list contains the same filtered records as the visual map, including records without defensible point coordinates.

Dataset status

A working research release, not a finished chronology

The map currently contains 6 campaign records and 22 event records. Every historical claim is marked review-required pending final owner approval; unreviewed strength figures and exact battlefield geometry are intentionally withheld.

Physical geography is derived from Natural Earth. Present-day locality centroids are from OpenStreetMap and never stand in for historical borders or precise troop positions.